Critical Analysis Essay - 1440 Words

A critical analysis of â€Å"Cleaning up down South: supermarkets, ethical trade and African horticulture† Alexandra Kitching Cleaning up down South: supermarkets, ethical trade and African horticulture is a piece by Susanne Freidberg published in Social and Cultural Geography journal in 2003 (Freidberg, 2003). Susanne Friedberg holds PhD from UC Berkely and is a Professor of Geography in Darmouth College, New Hampshire (â€Å"Susanne Freidberg,† n.d.). In the article the author argues that the ethical standards have become fetishised. The UK supermarkets compliance with such standards edges on paranoia. It does not mean that the supermarkets care about these standards from moral point of view but that the compliance is driven by fear of bad†¦show more content†¦This combined with the cultural and geographical distances (Freidberg, 2003, p. 33) has resulted in â€Å"homogenisation of the supply chain† in Africa (Freidberg, 2003, p. 34). The major vegetable suppliers are primarily large white-run farms. The author calls them â€Å"Benign dictators† (Freidberg, 2003, p. 33). These companies do not only have capacity to supply large quantities of vegetables but are also culturally similar to the supermarket buyers. The author likens the ethical standards ‘mission’ to a â€Å"neo-colonial civilizing mission† (Freidberg, 2003, p. 35) to clean up the South. In addition to infrastructure improvements previous attempts were primarily about making Africa more hygienic with large emphasis on soap industry. The whites wanted to have cheap but also clean labour. The neo-colonialism Freidberg (2003) talks about expands into other areas, such as vocational training. As the ethical standards become more cumbersome, more human resource is needed to fill compliance and record-keeping vacancies. With white expatriates being traditionally more expensive, the quest for cheap labour makes vocational training of the local black population an attractive solution. However, even though more black Zambians are given mid-management jobs, the â€Å"racial ‘glass ceiling’ in exportShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis : Critical Thinking1245 Words   |  5 PagesCritical analysis is an art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view of improving it. In a broader sense, critical analysis is a process in which a person considers and evaluate the claims made by the theorists, experts, official bodies, journalists, etc., and then try to understand whether the basis of those claims are sound, applicable or relevant to the situation (Gould, 2011). In fact, critical thinking skills are essential to make better informed and more balanced decisions. Also, itRead MoreCritical Analysis On Critical Thinking Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesHitchens. What is critical thinking? What does it mean to think? What does it mean to be critical? These are all questions that the average person does not think about on the daily basis. However if a person wants to persuade another person or an audience, they must be able to analyze these questions in their own statement. In this paper, I will be describing what critical thinking means to me by unfolding each word separately, then t ying it together into the meaning of critical thinking. To beginRead MoreCritical Analysis : Critical Thinking Essay1945 Words   |  8 PagesCritical thinking is the logically disciplined practice of dynamically and proficiently conceptualizing, relating, combining, and assessing information assembled by observation, knowledge, reflection, interpretation, or communication. There are six steps to critical thinking which includes knowledge, comprehensions, applications, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. 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Bishop is explaining the importance of takingRead MoreCritical Discourse Analysis ( Cda )1507 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is an interdisciplinary approach, which has been further developed on the basis of Discourse Analysis (DA) since 1970s. The insights have been expanded into a broader range of social, cultural, psychological and political practices. 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It aims to explore audience response to political speeches, to investigate how politicians attempt to persuade people to follow a particular course of action, to link the notions of discourse and action to the cognitive dimensions of ideology and presuppositions, to further clarify various contextual factors, such as power configurations, to describeRead MoreHazard Analysis Of Critical Control Points ( Haccp ) And Risk Analysis984 Words   |  4 Pagesof Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), Good Hygienic Practices (GHPs), Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP) and risk analysis are some important preventive highlighted by the literature(FAO, 2003; Kà ¤ferstein et al., 1997). 1. Good Manufacturing Practices(GMP) and Good Hygienic Practices(GHP) GMP refer to practices required in order to conform to the guidelines recommended by agencies that control authorization and licensing for manufacture and sale of food and food products. It relates

ERP Software in the System-Free-Samples-Myassignementhelp.Com

Questions: 1.What is the role of Integration as defined by PMBOK, and what contribution does it make in Project Management? 2.Why is Scope Management Important and how would you control scope in a Project? 3.How do scenarios contribute to Project Management? 4.Describe the tools that you would use to collect requirements and generate at least 20 requirements to define scope for a particular project. Describe a test to assess whether five requirements had been achieved. Answers: 1.ERP stands for enterprise resource planning is a package of software which allow a firm to efficiently manage its available resources which comprises of equipment, material and people. PMBOK in general is not defined by rigid life cycle in spite of that it is defined by a range of phases starting from initiation to closing. Adaptation of ERP software in the system has become a new method to have supply chain management and gain competitive advantage from it(da Silva Gomes, 2013). PMBOK is the acronym of project management body of management of knowledge which is generally used by various project managers for checking various success factors which can take place during the implementation of a project. Critical success factors generally comprise commitment, planning and involvement of various management and stakeholders. PMBOK mainly emphasizes on the implementation of various knowledge with right tools and activities to satisfy the requirements. 2.Scope management is considered to be vital for a project as helps in analyzing the scope of a project in a right way which will ultimately help the project managers and various executive in providing the right quantity of work which is essential for the success implementation of the project (Gomes, 2013). PMBOK aims in providing proper amount of work, service and function. There are generally three phases of scope management of a project which are planning, control and lastly closing. Two steps which are involved in the scope management are proper definition of the requirements of a project and understanding the various requirements of a project (Grefen, Pernici, and Snchez, 2012). Requirements of a project are considered to be an important parameter for setting the timeline and requirement of the project. Definition of scope is important for creating the requirements of a project. Various steps involved in the scope definition of project are objective, sub-phases, goals, budget and lastly resource. Scope can be easily measured or controlled by analyzing specific ERP product and provide explanation in details about the features of product which will benefit various business activity (Kerzner, 2013). Scope is of low value if the team members of project and different stakeholders associated with the project does have any idea about the fact that how ERP will benefit or support their organization or business. In many cases the function of ERP product is in scope and functionality with limit. 3.The market of ERP has update a lot in the last few years and a large number of numbers ranging from automobile and pharmaceutical have implemented ERP software in their system and which has resulted that the ERP rules over the other business. Few years back various ERP solution like manufacturing and finance are considered to be the most popular modules of ERP (Burke, 2013). On the contrary in present time various domains of business like plant maintenance, HR and service module have also started using ERP software in their systems. Other industrial sectors like cement, power and food processing have also adopted ERP software in their system for satisfying their requirements. SME stands for small and medium size enterprises are considered to be biggest user of ERP software in their system in present market all around the world (Schwalbe, 2015). SME aims in providing cheaper ERP solution like eresource ERP which generally work in specific location of a country and providing a platform for skilled and technical talents. In many cases these advantages are hard to justify on the field of statics as they are hard to calculate in practical. Some of the soft benefits are change in attitude, transparency and work life comfort (Walker, 2015). Various firms are must have goals before the adaptation which is followed by measuring the achievements of implementation of ERP. 4.For satisfying the requirements of ERP software various tools must be added to it. These tools are NetSuite ERP Sage 100 ERP ECount ERP SAP business one Oracle E-business suite Infro visual Intacct Odoo Financial Force ERP Epicor ERP Workwise ERP Microsoft Dynamics NAV ERPNext SYSPRO Compiere Priority software Acumatica IQMS QAD cloud ERP Deltek Cost point. NetSuite ERP: NetSuite is considered to be one of the challenges of ERP system and it has good position on the list which has a number of rewards. NetSuite provides a number of solution to business which can be from various organization and domains. This ERP model will help in providing mission critical processes which ultimately helps in providing enough area for making adjustment in the business. Sage 100 ERP: Sage ERP 100 is an another financial management which aims in providing target towards small and growing business. It aims in providing all in one financial management solution, full coverage of the required budget, it providing connection to sage data cloud. ECount ERP: ECount is generally used for its scalability and flexibility and can be used to satisfying the needs of any firm without the requirement of little and no coding knowledge. SAP Business One: It is a German ERP product which is known for its powerful automation in any financial methods in small to medium size organization. Oracle E-Business Suite: It is also known as EB suite which consists of various oracle application which is known for its concise management of finance References Burke, R., 2013. Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. da Silva Gomes, R.M., 2013. Contributions of the PMBok to the Project Management of an ERP System Implementation.Revista de Gesto e Projetos,4(2), p.153. Gomes, R.M.D.S., 2013. Contributions of the PMBOK to the Project Management of an ERP System Implementation. Grefen, P., Pernici, B. and Snchez, G. eds., 2012.Database support for workflow management: the WIDE project(Vol. 491). Springer Science Business Media. Kerzner, H., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Leach, L.P., 2014.Critical chain project management. Artech House. Schwalbe, K., 2015.Information technology project management. Cengage Learning. Walker, A., 2015.Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons.

Superstition in Huck Finn Essay Example For Students

Superstition in Huck Finn Essay In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there is a lot of superstition. Some examples of superstition in the novel are Huck killing a spider which is bad luck, the hair-ball used to tell fortunes, and the rattle-snake skin Huck touches that brings Huck and Jim good and bad luck. Superstition plays an important role in the novel Huck Finn. In Chapter one Huck sees a spider crawling up his shoulder, so he flipped it off and it went into the flame of the candle. Before he could get it out, it was already shriveled up. Huck didnt need anyone to tell him that it was an bad sign and would give him bad luck. Huck got scared and shook his clothes off, and turned in his tracks three times. He then tied a lock of his hair with a thread to keep the witches away. You do that when youve lost a horseshoe that youve found, instead of nailing it up over the door, but I hadnt ever heard anybody say it was any way to keep of bad luck when youd killed a spider.(Twain 5). We will write a custom essay on Superstition in Huck Finn specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In chapter four Huck sees Paps footprints in the snow. So Huck goes to Jim to ask him why Pap is here. Jim gets a hair-ball that is the size of a fist that he took from an oxs stomach. Jim asks the hair-ball; Why is Pap here? But the hair-ball wont answer. Jim says it needs money, so Huck gives Jim a counterfeit quarter. Jim puts the quarter under the hair-ball. The hair-ball talks to Jim and Jim tells Huck that it says. Yoole father doan know yit what hes a-gwyne to do. Sometimes he spec hell go way, en den agin he spec hell stay. De bes way is tores easy en let de ole man take his own way. Deys two angles hoverin roun bout him. One uvem is white en shiny, en tother one is black. De white one gits him to go right a little while, den de black one sil in en gust it all up. A body cant tell yit which one gwyne to fetch him at de las. But you is all right. You gwyne to have considable trouble in yo life, en considable joy. Sometimes you gwyne to git hurt, en sometimes you gwyne to git s ick; but every time yous gwyne to git well agin. Deys two gals flyin bout yo in yo life. One uv ems light en tother one is dark. One is rich en tother is po. Yous gwyne to marry de po one fust en de rich one by en by. You wants to keep way fum de water as much as you kin, en dont run no resk, kase its down in de bills dat yous gwyne to git hung. (Twain 19). Huck goes home and goes up to his room that night and Pap is there. In Chapter ten, Huck and Jim run into good luck and bad luck. The good luck was Huck and Jim finds eight dollars in the pocket of an overcoat. After dinner on Friday, they are lying in the grass, then Huck ran out of tobacco, so he went to the craven to get some, and finds a rattlesnake. Huck kills it and curled it up and put it on the foot of Jims blanket. Night came and Jim flung himself on the blanket and the snakes mate was there, and it bit Jim on the heel. Jim tells Huck to chop off the snakes head, then skin the body of the snake and roast a peice of it. He took the rattles off and tied them to Jim wrist. Jim said it would help him. Huck says I made up my mind I wouldnt ever take a-holt of a snake-skin again with my hands, now that I see what had come of it. (Twain 52). .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .postImageUrl , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:hover , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:visited , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:active { border:0!important; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:active , .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1 .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaf42d3ea37abe9f88ac7fef3040af6d1:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Howard Hughes EssayAs one can see Superstition plays an important role in the novel Huck Finn. Huck killing the spider which is bad luck, the hair-ball that tells fortunes, and the rattle-snake skin that Huck touched are examples that brought bad luck to Huck and Jim

Participar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples

Participar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb participar is a cognate of the English verb to participate, which means that both words are derived from the same root word and have similar meanings. Participar is a regular -ar verb, like tratar and ayudar. This article includes participar conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, conditional, and future), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms. Using the Verb Participar Since participar is a cognate of the English participate, it has the same meaning in both languages. Therefore, you can use participar in most contexts when you would use the English verb participate. For example, you can say Quiero participar en la competencia (I want to participate in the competition). However, in Spanish participar can be used in a few ways that do not translate to English. For example, it can be used to mean to share information or inform, as in Ella me participà ³ de la fecha de la reunià ³n (She shared with me the date of the meeting); or to share or get a share of something, as in Todos participamos de los beneficios de la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a (We all share in the companys benefits). Participar Present Indicative Yo participo I participate Yo participo en la clase. Tà º participas You participate Tà º participas en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participa You/he/she participates Ella participa en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participamos We participate Nosotros participamosen la carrera. Vosotros participis Youparticipate Vosotros participis en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participan You/they participate Ellos participanen las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Preterite Indicative The preterite tense is usually translated to English as the simple past. It is used to describe completed actions in the past. Yo participà © I participated Yo participà © en la clase. Tà º participaste You participated Tà º participaste en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participà ³ You/he/she participated Ella participà ³ en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participamos We participated Nosotros participamosen la carrera. Vosotros participasteis Youparticipated Vosotros participasteis en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participaron You/they participated Ellos participaron en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is also a past tense, but it is used to talk about ongoing or repeated actions in the past. It is usually translated to English as was participating or used to participate. Yo participaba I used to participate Yo participaba en la clase. Tà º participabas You used to participate Tà º participabas en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participaba You/he/she used to participate Ella participaba en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participbamos We used to participate Nosotros participbamosen la carrera. Vosotros participabais Youused to participate Vosotros participabais en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participaban You/they used to participate Ellos participaban en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Future Indicative Yo participarà © I will participate Yo participarà © en la clase. Tà º participars You will participate Tà º participars en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participar You/he/she will participate Ella participar en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participaremos We will participate Nosotros participaremosen la carrera. Vosotros participarà ©is Youwill participate Vosotros participarà ©is en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participarn You/they will participate Ellos participarn en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Periphrastic  Future Indicative   The periphrastic future has three different components: the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive participar. Yo voy a participar I am going to participate Yo voya participar en la clase. Tà º vasa participar You aregoing toparticipate Tà º vasa participar en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa participar You/he/she isgoing toparticipate Ella vaa participar en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros vamosa participar We aregoing toparticipate Nosotros vamosa participar en la carrera. Vosotros vaisa participar Youaregoing toparticipate Vosotros vaisa participar en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana participar You/they aregoing toparticipate Ellos vana participar en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Present Progressive/Gerund Form The present participle or gerund is a verb form that is often used as an adverb or to form progressive verb forms like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofParticipar est participando Is participating Ella est participando en la conferencia como invitada especial. Participar Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective or to form perfect tenses like the present perfect. Present Perfect of Participar ha participado Has participated Ella ha participado en la conferencia como invitada especial. Participar Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is usually translated to English as would verb, and it is used to talk about possibilities. Yo participarà ­a I will participate Yo participarà ­a en la clase si no fuera tan tà ­mida. Tà º participarà ­as You will participate Tà º participarà ­as en las reuniones importantes si te invitaran. Usted/à ©l/ella participarà ­a You/he/she will participate Ella participarà ­a en la conferencia como invitada especial si pudiera asistir. Nosotros participarà ­amos We will participate Nosotros participarà ­amosen la carrera si entrenramos suficiente. Vosotros participarà ­ais Youwill participate Vosotros participarà ­ais en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta si pudierais asistir. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participarà ­an You/they will participate Ellos participarà ­an en las elecciones polà ­ticas si pudieran votar. Participar Present Subjunctive Que yo participe That I participate La maestra quiere que yo participe en la clase. Que tà º participes That you participate El jefe pide que tà º participes en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participe That you/he/she participate La profesora espera que ella participe en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participemos That we participate El entrenador quiere que nosotros participemos en la carrera. Que vosotros participà ©is That you participate Patricia necesita que vosotros participà ©isen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participen That you/they participate El gobernador quiere que ellos participen en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Imperfect Subjunctive The imperfect subjunctive can be conjugated in two different ways, shown in the tables below. Option 1 Que yo participara That I participated La maestra querà ­a que yo participara en la clase. Que tà º participaras That you participated El jefe pidià ³ que tà º participaras en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participara That you/he/she participated La profesora esperaba que ella participara en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participramos That we participated El entrenador querà ­a que nosotros participramosen la carrera. Que vosotros participarais That you participated Patricia necesitaba que vosotros participaraisen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participaran That you/they participated El gobernador querà ­a que ellos participaran en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Option 2 Que yo participase That I participated La maestra querà ­a que yo participase en la clase. Que tà º participases That you participated El jefe pidià ³ que tà º participases en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participase That you/he/she participated La profesora esperaba que ella participase en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participsemos That we participated El entrenador querà ­a que nosotros participsemosen la carrera. Que vosotros participaseis That you participated Patricia necesitaba que vosotros participaseisen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participasen That you/they participated El gobernador querà ­a que ellos participasen en las elecciones polà ­ticas. Participar Imperative The imperative mood consists of commands, both positive and negative. Positive Commands Tà º participa Participate!  ¡Participa en las reuniones importantes! Usted participe Participate!  ¡Participe en la conferencia como invitada especial! Nosotros participemos Let's participate!  ¡Participemos en la carrera! Vosotros participad Participate!  ¡Participad en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta! Ustedes participen Participate!  ¡Participen en las elecciones polà ­ticas! Negative Commands Tà º no participes Don't participate!  ¡No participes en las reuniones importantes! Usted no participe Don't participate!  ¡No participe en la conferencia como invitada especial! Nosotros no participemos Let's not participate!  ¡No participemos en la carrera! Vosotros no participà ©is Don't participate!  ¡No participà ©is en la planeacià ³n de la fiesta! Ustedes no participen Don't participate!  ¡No participen en las elecciones polà ­ticas!

Human Pollution and Hazardous Chemicals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Pollution and Hazardous Chemicals - Essay Example The research paper â€Å"Human Pollution and Hazardous Chemicals† investigates the influence of hazardous chemicals on human health through ways such as water, soil, and air (atmosphere). Human pollution are man-made pollutions that are caused by human beings through release of toxic substances and hazardous chemicals into the natural environment thereby causing hazardous and huge health effects and undesirable environment for human health. The great increase in human pollution results from faster population increase, increased industrialization and faster infrastructure development that forces man to clear the natural resources available for better ecosystem being. These results from human actions and activities like energy generation especially from nuclear generating plant, consumption, industrial production, waste disposal, and transportation. The pollutants may reach the surrounding human environments through ways such as water, soil, and air (atmosphere). Studies have sh own that most of the water pollutants come from land such as chemical fertilizers, detergents, pesticides, heavy metals, oil, plastics, sewage, and other metals where they accumulate deep down in the ocean flow and sediments, and later consumed by marine organisms which may later be re-introduced to the global food chain when they are consumed by man. Pollutants like Sulphur dioxide gas and carbon monoxide when excessively released into the atmosphere may lead to depletion of ozone layer leading to global warming and changes in climate systems.

Book Review on the book The Underground Railroad From Slavery To Essay

Book Review on the book The Underground Railroad From Slavery To Freedom (A comprehensive History) by Wilbur H. Siebert - Essay Example Siebert’s narrative is based on a comprehensive research expanding over fifty years. The book is an interesting compilation of various forms of writings such as speeches, letters, biography as well as direct narratives. The author begins with a detailed description of the various sources - articles in periodicals, contemporaneous documents, and collections of reminiscences - that have been used to write this book. As many locals were aiding the escape of slaves, the author chronicles the events that led to the draft of the Fugitive Slave Law in 1793, by which helping slaves escape was declared as an offence. This high level of ill-treatment resulted in the deep desire among the slaves to attain freedom. At this time, they also began to hear about the favorable condition in Canada. Soon, the Underground Railroad system began to develop in Ohio, Iowa and Illinois. The author further talks about the abduction of slaves from the south and how the local people assisted in helping t he slaves escape and lead a better life in a place where they have enough freedom. The operations of the Underground Railroad were also done through innovative ways like midnight service and the passing on of cryptic messages.Slaves hid in hiding places and resorted to disguises. Committees of vigilance were formed in places like Boston and Philadelphia and supplies for passengers were also arranged. The Underground Railroad soon became a much formalized process as people took up the responsibilities of being the Underground Agents, Station Keepersor conductors. Here, the author also gives credit to those who stepped forward as Underground helpers and commends the efforts of people like Gerrit Smith and Elijah P. Lovejoy, Seth Concklin, Charles T. Torrey, Calvin Fairbank and so on. As Canada was considered to be the safest haven for the escaped slaves, author moves on to chronicle the life of colored people in Canada, where the refugees had better circumstances than what they have u ndergone.The natives in Canada were receptive and open to these refugees and welcomed them to share their land and resources. To give this compilation a comprehensive view, the author brings into light, the concepts of denial of jury, arrest without legal process and the penalties for aiding the fugitives. The author tracks the subject of Underground Railroads in terms of political aspects by looking at the rules of extradition, the demand for slave laws, slave agitation, anti-slavery movement and so on. The proclamation of emancipation of slaves as well as the repeal of the anti-slavery laws is also discussed in detail. In the end, the writer proceeds to unearth facts about the loss faced by the slave owners, the census reports on the fugitive slaves, the fugitive slave controversy, and how all this led to the Civil War that ultimately to the abolition of slavery in the United States of America. It presents a poignant account of the slaves lives and conditions and elucidates the st ruggles and the vigour with which the Underground Rail was used during the highly politically volatile environment of the times. The book is therefore a useful documentary on the growth and spread of the freedom spirit among the slaves and meticulously details the antecedent conditions that led to the great Civil War. THE ABOVE SECTION IS SUMMARY AND IS 501 WORDS OR 2 PAGES THIS SECTION BELOW IS INCLUDED IN YOUR INSTRUCTIONS Criticize or comment on each of the following about the book: †¢ Organization – The book is organized into 11chapters with each chapter dealing with a critical aspect of the Underground Railroad. The book has been organized with clarity, according to chronology as well as according to particular context. For example, the author

Canadian Women and the Second World War Essay Example for Free

Canadian Women and the Second World War Essay The changing roles of women throughout history has been drastic, and none more so than the period during and after World War II. The irrevocable changes that occurred once the war started and women went to work were unprecedented. In the end, the changing role of Canada’s women during the War was the beginning of a chain reaction of events that have forever changed the Canadian workplace and also that of men’s archaic views on the capabilities of women in general. Many look back to the period during the war in which women were encouraged to get out of the kitchen and go to work, and wonder how a five year period could be so instrumental in forever changing the norms of society? Two authors, who attempt to sift through a mountain of information and provide a clear picture in response to this question, are Jeff Keshen and Ruth Roach Pierson. Both authors paint a slightly different picture from the piles of papers, minutes, war diaries and publications that covered that pivotal period during World War II where so many Canadians women found their voice and their freedom from domesticity. Canadian Women and the Second World War Ruth Roach Pierson’s essay is written with purely the perspective of women in mind, and the article itself is geared towards a female audience. The writer briefly describes the conditions of Canada at the onset of the war and the societal views of the role of women. Although there are no quoted references sited for this essay, there was a vast amount of alternative reading where I am sure one could draw numerous conclusions. Even with the lack of references, I did find this essay the most compelling especially, given the current climate of women in the work force. Ruth Roach Pierson describes in great detail the plight women faced during the war, when they were encouraged by the government and the needs of their families to get out and help support their families financially while all of the men were away at war. She goes on to describe the working conditions and child care situations for working women which were less than adequate. As a member of the Canadian Forces and a woman, the most interesting part of the article for me was the descriptions of how women became a uniformed part of the military and how all three branches of service came to assimilate women into active duty and the roles they were allowed to serve in. Throughout the essay, we were told about the deplorable conditions, the lack of equality the women faced in the workplace, and the stereotypes that were attached to women that proved very difficult and almost impossible to overcome. At most concern was the inequality found between men and women’s pay, benefits and allowances throughout the World War II era and beyond. The lack of equal pay for equal work caused great contention for women and still does to this day (although it is not quite as blatant in the civilian workforce today). The argument of the writer is that the roles taken on by women during the war forever changed the roles of women in society. I agree with her argument. Had it not been for the war, and the call to work and the military, things would be very different in our society for women, even today. The war was the instrument to get Canadian women to work, and once there, women found their voices to fight the inequality with respect to working conditions and pay, and paved the way for the next generation of women to continue to work and fight for an equal playing field with their male counterparts . Revisiting Canada’s Civilian Women during World War II Jeff Keshen’s essay is without a doubt written from a man’s perspective without much sympathy to the plight civilian women experienced during the World War II era. This article is very well written and cites over 100 references, making for a very factual account of the times. This article was geared more towards what contributions were made by civilian women versus the article by Ruth Roach Pierson which put most of the focus on women’s roles within the military. Jeff Keshen’s article explains how the media plays a of the time played a pivotal role in doing two things specifically, one was to get the women out to work, support their families and contribute to the war cause. The second countered the last by telling women were over and over told how important their role in the home was. Throughout this article the writer makes numerous references towards how the government of Canada attempted to do the right thing towards female workers during the war, but it also shows how the government’s heart wasn’t into it, thus just making offers to female workers just to appease their complaints for the time being until the war was over. The government was terrible on providing financial support to women whose husbands were away at war, offering only meager amounts of their pay each month, thus forcing more women into the workforce. The article goes on to further explain how during the war, women felt empowered by their circumstances and how once the war was over that women continued to fight towards equality and many refused to ‘go back to the kitchen’ after the war and further challenged the norms by continuing to work. In conclusion, the most compelling argument found during both articles was the willingness of women to move forward and support their families, no matter the cost or the inequalities found between their male counterparts. I have always heard said that ‘women are the backbone of society’. Now, this may not be entirely true in the year 2011 with the shared roles of women and men in families, but it certainly can be said for the years during World War II. Women were faced with the challenge of having their spouses and breadwinners away from home, and they were also faced with the uncertainty of their safe return home to their families. When you couple this with the call from their government and society to join the work force to help the war effort and take over the roles of the men in society while they were away. Eagerly the women answered that call, and stepped up to take over the roles the men used to hold before the war. Not only were they working full-time jobs, but they were still in charge of their households and raising their children and taking over and completing the roles of husband and fathers for an extremely long period of time.